其實(shí)對(duì)于國(guó)內(nèi)人力資源管理領(lǐng)域的來(lái)說(shuō)勝任力并不是個(gè)太陌生的詞語(yǔ)，簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)講，勝任力就是指員工身上那些能夠帶來(lái)有效或出色結(jié)果的潛在特質(zhì)，包括動(dòng)機(jī)、性格、技能、自我感覺(jué)、社會(huì)角色和知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)等等。而據(jù)了解，不少中國(guó)企業(yè)已經(jīng)接觸到了這個(gè)人力資源管理的術(shù)語(yǔ)，更有企業(yè)早已建立了自己企業(yè)的勝任力模型，并在逐步推行實(shí)施。

In fact, competence is not a unfamiliar term for domestic human resource management. Simply put, competence refers to the potential traits of employees that can bring effective or outstanding results, including motivation, personality, skills, self perception, social roles, and knowledge structure. It is understood that many Chinese companies have come into contact with this term of human resource management, and some have already established their own competency models and are gradually implementing them.

企業(yè)對(duì)某個(gè)崗位、某個(gè)群體的工作勝任力進(jìn)行敘述性描述而確認(rèn)出的結(jié)果可以被稱為勝任力模型，而勝任力模型則完全有可能取代以往的工作描述而成為所有人力資源管理活動(dòng)的基礎(chǔ)，這一模型的應(yīng)用將大大提高企業(yè)招聘、雇傭、培訓(xùn)開(kāi)發(fā)、業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)估、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和提升方面的效率和效度。

The results confirmed by an enterprise's narrative description of the job competency of a position or a group can be called a competency model. The competency model is likely to replace the previous job description and become the basis of all human resource management activities. The application of this model will greatly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of enterprise recruitment, employment, training and development, performance evaluation, reward and promotion.

長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，工作描述和工作說(shuō)明書(shū)是作為企業(yè)所有人力資源管理活動(dòng)的基礎(chǔ)存在的，但由于傳統(tǒng)的工作描述只著重于描述工作本身，而勝任力模型則更重視人而不是工作、更注重結(jié)果而不是工作內(nèi)容，因此它相比工作描述將會(huì)有更明顯的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

For a long time, job descriptions and job descriptions have been the foundation of all human resource management activities in enterprises. However, traditional job descriptions only focus on describing the job itself, while competency models place more emphasis on people rather than work, and focus more on results rather than job content. Therefore, they will have more obvious advantages compared to job descriptions.

以企業(yè)的招聘活動(dòng)為例，企業(yè)傳統(tǒng)的招聘是根據(jù)做好的空缺崗位的工作描述去尋找那些能完成這項(xiàng)工作的人，而如果在招聘中運(yùn)用勝任力模型，企業(yè)就可以在相同崗位上尋找出內(nèi)部有效率的員工，并從他們身上找出一些共通的特質(zhì)，然后以此作為招聘的目標(biāo)和篩選標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，或者可以直接鼓勵(lì)這些有效率的員工進(jìn)行推薦與他們類似的朋友，這樣企業(yè)尋求到的人選無(wú)疑會(huì)更切合需求；

Taking the recruitment activities of enterprises as an example, traditional recruitment is based on job descriptions of job vacancies to find those who can complete the job. However, if competency models are applied in recruitment, enterprises can find internally efficient employees in the same position, identify common traits from them, and use them as recruitment goals and screening criteria. Alternatively, these efficient employees can be directly encouraged to recommend friends similar to them, so that the candidates sought by enterprises will undoubtedly be more suitable for their needs;

同樣，在人員甄選中，運(yùn)用勝任力模型也可以帶來(lái)更有效的結(jié)果，現(xiàn)在的企業(yè)在進(jìn)行人員甄選時(shí)，一般是根據(jù)崗位職責(zé)、工作要求來(lái)設(shè)立面試題目，根據(jù)他們的能力、經(jīng)驗(yàn)一一進(jìn)行評(píng)估從而找到合適的人，在甄選時(shí)應(yīng)用勝任力模型，企業(yè)就可以首先找出那些優(yōu)秀、效率高的模范員工，然后從應(yīng)聘者中尋找與模范員工有著類似特質(zhì)的人，按照他們與模范員工匹配程度的高低進(jìn)行選擇、淘汰，這樣就既保證人選的可靠性，更體現(xiàn)出甄選過(guò)程和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的客觀、公平。

Similarly, in personnel selection, the use of competency models can also bring more effective results. Nowadays, companies generally set interview questions based on job responsibilities and job requirements, evaluate them one by one based on their abilities and experiences, and find suitable candidates. By applying competency models during selection, companies can first identify outstanding and efficient model employees, and then search for candidates with similar traits to model employees. They select and eliminate candidates according to their level of matching with model employees, which not only ensures the reliability of candidates, but also reflects the objectivity and fairness of the selection process and standards.

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